Benzodiazepines are medications that are frequently
prescribed for the symptomatic treatment of anxiety and
sleep disorders. They produce their effects via specific
receptors involving a neurochemical called gamma
aminobutyric acid (GABA). Because they are safer and
more effective, benzodiazepines have replaced
barbituates in the treatment of both anxiety and
insomnia. Benzodiazepines are also used as sedatives
before some surgical and medical procedures, and for the
treatment of seizure disorders and alcohol withdrawl.
Risk of physical dependence increases if
benzodiazepines are taken regularly for more than a few
months, especially at higher than normal doses. Stopping
abruptly can bring on such symptoms as trouble sleeping,
gastrointestinal upset, feeling unwell, loss of
appetite, sweating, trembling, weakness, anxiety, and
changes in perception. Only trace amounts (less than 1%)
of most benzodiazepines are excreted unaltered in the
urine; most of the concentration in urine is conjugated
drug. The detection time for benzodiazepines in urine is
3-7 days. The iCup, iScreen, and iCassette products a
positive result when the benzodiazepines in urine exceed
300 ng/mL.
The following table lists the concentration of
compounds (ng/mL) that are detected benzodiazepine positive
in urine by the iCup, iScreen, and iCassette products.
| Oxazepam |
300 ng/mL |
| Alprazolam |
196 ng/mL |
| a-Hydroxyalprazolam |
1,262 ng/mL |
| Bromazepam |
1,562 ng/mL |
| Chlordiazepoxide |
1,562 ng/mL |
| Chlordiazepoxide HCL |
781 ng/mL |
| Clobazam |
98 ng/mL |
| Clonazepam |
781 ng/mL |
| Clorazepate Dipotassium |
195 ng/mL |
| Delorazepam |
1,562 ng/mL |
| Desalkylflurazepam |
390 ng/mL |
| Diazepam |
195 ng/mL |
| Estazolam |
2,500 ng/mLq |
| Flunitrazepam |
390 ng/mL |
| ±Lorazepam |
1,562 ng/mL |
| RS-Lorazepam glucuronide |
156 ng/mLq |
| Midazolam |
12,500 ng/mL |
| Nitrazepam |
98 ng/mL |
| Norchlordiazepoxide |
195 ng/mL |
| Nordiazepam |
390 ng/mL |
| Temazepam |
98 ng/mL |
| Triazolam |
2,500 ng/mL |
DrugTest
Services, Inc.
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(334) 396-3872 • Fax: (334) 396-5872
E-Mail: eric@drugtestservices.com
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DrugTest Services, Incorporated
