Cocaine is a potent central nervous system stimulant
and a local anesthetic. Initially, it brings about
extreme energy and restlessness while gradually
resulting in tremors, over-sensitivity, and spasms. In
large amounts, cocaine causes fever, unresponsiveness,
difficulty breathing and unconsciousness.
Cocaine is often self-administered by nasal
inhalation, intravenous injection, and free-base
smoking. It is excreted in the urine in a short time
primarily as benzolecgonine. Benzolecgonine, a major
metabolite of cocaine, has a longer biological half-life
(5-8 hours) than cocaine (0.5-1.5 hours), and can
generally be detected for 24-48 hours after cocaine
exposure.
The following table lists the concentration of
compounds (ng/mL) that are detected cocaine positive
in urine by the iCassette, iCup, and iScreen products.
| Benzolecgonine |
300 ng/mL |
| Cocaine HCL |
780 ng/mL |
| Cocaethylene |
12,500 ng/mL |
| Ecgonine HCL |
32,000 ng/mL |
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